The universality of contradiction and connection of things in nature implies that a thing is nothing else but a labeled topological graph GL with a labeling map

A thing is complex, and hybrid with other things sometimes. Then, what is the reality of a thing? The reality of a thing is its state of existed, exists, or wil

Contents Spacelike Smarandache Curves of Timelike Curves in Anti de Sitter 3-Space By Mahmut Mak and Hasan Altınba¸s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

This book depicts graph labelings that have led to thought-provoking problems and conjectures. Problems and conjectures in graceful labelings, harmonious labeli

The mathematical combinatorics is a subject that applying combinatorial notion to all mathematics and all sciences for understanding the reality of things in th