This volume provides translations of texts on the Mamluk Sultan Qalāwūn (1279-90) and his son al-Malik al-Ashraf (1290-93), which cover the end of the Crusade

This volume provides translations of texts on the Mamluk Sultan Qalāwūn (1279-90) and his son al-Malik al-Ashraf (1290-93), which cover the end of the Crusade

The formidable strongholds built by the crusaders are among the most iconic castles of the Middle Ages. These mighty structures offer fascinating insights into

How the Mongol invasions of the Near East reshaped the balance of world power in the Middle Ages For centuries, the Crusades have been central to the story of t

The so-called Mamluk sultans who ruled Egypt and Syria between the late thirteenth and early sixteenth centuries AD have often been portrayed as lacking in legi