Xhosa oral poetry has defied the threats to its integrity over two centuries, to take its place in a free South Africa. This volume establishes the background t

Xhosa Literature consists of fourteen essays addressing Xhosa literature in three media-the spoken word, newspapers, and books. Literary critics tend to focus o

This book, first published in 1983, was the first detailed study of the Xhosa oral poetry tradition.

The South African literature of iimbongi, the oral poets of the amaXhosa people, has long shaped understandings of landscape and history and offered a forum for

One of South Africa’s greatest living poets selects from her most recent poems and also from the poems and the themes that best represent her from across her