This wide-ranging study of medieval Europe's response to the challenge of Islam examines the relationship between ideas of crusade and mission, between European

While research on the crusades tends increasingly to bifurcate into study of the crusade idea and the crusading expeditions, and study of the Frankish states th

Cover -- Half Title -- Title -- Copyright -- Contents -- Abbreviations -- ARTICLES AND STUDIES -- Co-operation between Constantinople and Rome before the First

The Knights Templar was the foremost Military Order of the Crusades. In about 1118 these warrior-monks were appointed custodians of Temple Mount, and defenders