Utilizing the accounts of observers and those who participated in the institution of slavery--slavers, travellers, and slaves themselves-- and the records kept

Explores the stories of African Muslim slaves in the New World. The author argues that although Islam as brought by the Africans did not outlive the last slaves

Traces the history of the Islamic slave trade from its inception in the seventh century through its history in China, India, Iran, Turkey, Egypt, Libya, and Spa

Black Morocco: A History of Slavery, Race, and Islam chronicles the experiences, identity and achievements of enslaved black people in Morocco from the sixteent

First Published in 1986. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.