Central banks may operate perfectly well without capital as conventionally defined. A large negative net worth, however, is likely to compromise central bank in

Recapitalizing banks in a systemic crisis is a complex medium-term process that requires significant government intervention and careful management at both the

This toolkit is designed for policy makers and stakeholders who are considering the establishment of a publicly funded asset management company (AMC). An AMC is

We track direct public interventions and public holdings in 1,114 financial institutions over the period 2007–17 in 37 countries based on publicly available i

The legacy of non-performing loans and high opportunity cost of government financing of bank recapitalization impeded the efficiency of financial intermediation