This book is an introduction to the mathematical analysis of probability theory and provides some understanding of how probability is used to model random pheno

The use of the Black-Scholes model and formula is pervasive in financial markets. There are very few undergraduate textbooks available on the subject and, until

Provides a foundation for probability based on game theory rather than measure theory. A strong philosophical approach with practical applications. Presents in-

This book provides a basic grounding in the use of probability to model random financial phenomena of uncertainty, and is targeted at an advanced undergraduate

Game-theoretic probability and finance come of age Glenn Shafer and Vladimir Vovk’s Probability and Finance, published in 2001, showed that perfect-informatio