Download or read book American Defenses of Corregidor and Manila Bay 1898–1945 written by Mark Berhow and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2012-09-20 with total page 135 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Philippines were declared an American Territory on January 4, 1899, and fortification construction soon began on the islands in the mouth of Manila Bay. Among the sites built were Fort Mills (Corregidor), Fort Frank, and the formidable "concrete battleship" of Fort Drum. The defenses suffered constant Japanese bombardment during World War II, leading to the surrender of American forces. In 1945 the forts were manned by Japanese soldiers determined to hold out to the bitter end. This title details the fortifications of this key strategic location, and considers both their effectiveness and historical importance.