The colorful history of paper money before the Civil War Before Civil War greenbacks and a national bank network established a uniform federal currency in the U

How the contentious world of nineteenth-century banking shaped the United States. Pieces of paper that claimed to be good for two dollars upon redemption at a d

The Federalist Frontier traces the development of Federalist policies and the Federalist Party in the first three states of the Northwest Territory—Ohio, Indi

Since shortly after the end of the Civil War, genuine Confederate paper money has been the subject of much research. While a number of publications are availabl

While elite merchants, financiers, shopkeepers, and customers were the most visible producers, consumers, and distributors of goods and capital in the nineteent