Western admirers have long seen the Islamic garden as an earthly reflection of the paradise said to await the faithful. However, such simplification, Ruggles co

This work explores literary perceptions of the Indo-Islamic garden. Using a knowledge of Islamic horticulture and medical botany, Husain explains why scented pl

The cross-cultural exchange of ideas that flourished in the Mediterranean during the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries profoundly affected European and Islami