Procedural review is increasingly a means of deciding European fundamental rights cases; this book explores its practical potential and limitations.

Traditionally, courts adjudicate fundamental rights cases by applying substantive tests of reasonableness or proportionality. Increasingly, however, European co

In fundamental rights adjudication, a court first has to determine whether the interest at stake falls within the scope of the fundamental right invoked. Whethe

Courts often rely on process-based fundamental rights review. This means that they examine the diligence, fairness, and quality of legislative, administrative,

Nussberger traces the history of the European Court of Human Rights from its political context in the 1940s to the present day, answering pressing questions abo