Phenotypic plasticity – the ability of an individual organism to alter its features in direct response to a change in its environment – is ubiquitous. Under

The first comprehensive synthesis on development and evolution: it applies to all aspects of development, at all levels of organization and in all organisms, ta

"The author begins by defining phenotypic plasticity and detailing its history, including important experiments and methods of statistical and graphical analysi

In recent years, scientists have realized that evolution can occur on timescales much shorter than the 'long lapse of ages' emphasized by Darwin - in fact, evol

Genetic constraints on adaptive evolution can be understood as those genetic aspects that prevent or reduce the potential for natural selection to result in the