In Geographical information systems (GIS) there is a need to model spatial regions with indeterminate boundary and under indeterminacy. The purpose of this chap

In this paper, the concept of neutrosophic topological spaces is introduced. We define and study the properties of neutrosophic open sets, closed sets, interior

“Neutrosophic Sets and Systems” has been created for publications on advanced studies in neutrosophy, neutrosophic set, neutrosophic logic, neutrosophic pro

This volume presents state-of-the-art papers on new topics related to neutrosophic theories, such as neutrosophic algebraic structures, neutrosophic triplet alg

In this paper, we aim to develop a new type of neutrosophic crisp set called the retract neutrosophic crisp set and shows a grayscale image in a 2D Cartesian do