The persecution and mass-murder of the Jews during World War II would not have been possible without the modern organization of division of labor. Moreover, the

For decades, historians have debated how and to what extent the Holocaust penetrated the German national consciousness between 1933 and 1945. How much did “or

Few essays about the Holocaust are better known or more important than Primo Levi's reflections on what he called "the gray zone," a reality in which moral ambi

Before the Nazis took power, Jewish businesspeople in Berlin thrived alongside their non-Jewish neighbors. But Nazi racism changed that, gradually destroying Je

A history of the Holocaust from 1933 to 1938 told from the Jewish perspective through period documents, annotations, and black-and-white photographs.