The plant-animal interactions, both mutualistic and antagonistic, play a crucial role in the diversification of plants and animals, and are important in functio

Mutualistic interactions among plants and animals have played a paramount role in shaping biodiversity. Yet the majority of studies on mutualistic interactions

This textbook provides the first overview of plant-animal interactions for twenty years focused on the needs of students and professors. It discusses a range of

It has long been recognized that plants and animals profoundly affect one another’s characteristics during the course of evolution. However, the importance of

The associations between insects and microorganisms, while pervasive and of paramount ecological importance, have been relatively poorly understood. The third b