This classic study notes the origin of a mathematical symbol, the competition it encountered, its spread among writers in different countries, its rise to popul

An entertaining look at the origins of mathematical symbols While all of us regularly use basic math symbols such as those for plus, minus, and equals, few of u

Knots are familiar objects. Yet the mathematical theory of knots quickly leads to deep results in topology and geometry. This work offers an introduction to thi

Optical character recognition and document image analysis have become very important areas with a fast growing number of researchers in the field. This comprehe

This textbook, suitable for an early undergraduate up to a graduate course, provides an overview of many basic principles and techniques needed for modern data