This textbook takes a Complex Systems Theory approach to examine individual differences between learners and the potential impact of these variables on the proc

Individual Differences in Language Ability and Language Behavior is a collection of papers that discusses differences at the center of the study of language, sp

Second language learners differ in how successfully they adapt to, and profit from, instruction. This book aims to show that adaptation to L2 instruction, and s

The volume constitutes an attempt to capture the intricate relationship between individual learner differences and other variables which are of interest to theo

Understanding the way in which learners differ from one another is of fundamental concern to those involved in second-language acquisition, either as researcher