This textbook takes a Complex Systems Theory approach to examine individual differences between learners and the potential impact of these variables on the proc

Variability in predispositions for language learning has attracted scholarly curiosity for over 100 years. Despite major changes in theoretical explanations and

Individual Differences in Language Ability and Language Behavior is a collection of papers that discusses differences at the center of the study of language, sp

Second language learners differ in how successfully they adapt to, and profit from, instruction. This book aims to show that adaptation to L2 instruction, and s

Understanding the way in which learners differ from one another is of fundamental concern to those involved in second-language acquisition, either as researcher