These articles seek to understand the attitudes and reactions of medieval society to both external threat and internal dissension, whether real or imagined. The

These articles seek to understand the attitudes and reactions of medieval society to both external threat and internal dissension, whether real or imagined. The

These studies span the period from the origins of the crusading movement in the 11th century until its final active phase during the Renaissance. Some of the ar

The essays in this book relate to two major aspects of the nature and effects of the reforms that radically changed the Western church during the eleventh and t

The followers of the martyred Bohemian priest Jan Hus (1371-1415) formed one of the greatest challenges to the medieval Latin Church. Branded as heretics, outla