Information retrieval (IR) is considered to be the science of searching for information from a variety of information sources related to texts, images, sounds,

Class-tested and coherent, this textbook teaches classical and web information retrieval, including web search and the related areas of text classification and

This two-volume set LNCS 12656 and 12657 constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 43rd European Conference on IR Research, ECIR 2021, held virtually in March

Due to the fast growth of the Web and the difficulties in finding desired information, efficient and effective information retrieval systems have become more im

As online information grows dramatically, search engines such as Google are playing a more and more important role in our lives. Critical to all search engines