This investigation into causal modelling presents the rationale of causality, i.e. the notion that guides causal reasoning in causal modelling. It is argued tha

What constitutes a causal explanation, and must an explanation be causal? What warrants a causal inference, as opposed to a descriptive regularity? What techniq

Causal models are formal theories stating the relationships between precisely defined variables, and have become an indispensable tool of the social scientist.

Explores the critical role time plays in our understanding of causality, across psychology, biology, physics and the social sciences.

Causality offers the first comprehensive coverage of causal analysis in many sciences, including recent advances using graphical methods. Pearl presents a unifi