This study explores the history of tramp-shipping in the United Kingdom, between 1750 and 1914. It defines ‘tramp’ as steamships exclusively hulled with iro

Celebrated in the novels of Joseph Conrad and vintage films, tramp ships - the precursor of bulk carriers - are not well understood today. Yet, these vessels tr

This book collects seventeen previously published essays by John Armstrong concerning the British coastal trade. Armstrong is a leading maritime historian and t

The shipping business is a lesser-known industry, but it is an extremely influential element in the global economy. This book provides a snapshot of the shippin

This book addresses some key questions - Did the marine sector drive the developing technologies? Or did it just adopt them? It would appear that the former is